Hypoxic Workouts
Hypoxic Workouts (HW) involve the use of cardio-vascular training equipment (stationary bike, cross trainer, treadmill, stepper or rowing machine) whilst breathing hypoxic air. The aim of a Hypoxic Workout is to lower the body’s blood oxygen saturation level (SPO₂) to between 80-85% whereby stimulating the synthesis erythropoietin by the kidneys which in turn signals the bone marrow in the long bones to increase the production of red blood cells.
Secondly, when a user undertakes Hypoxic Workouts on a piece of cardio-vascular equipment that is relevant to a user participating in either a specific sport or travelling to altitude to participate in a climb or trek the body is force to adapt. This is known as the Specificity Principle.
The Specificity Principle simply states that training must go from highly general training to highly specific training. The principle of Specificity also implies that to become better at a particular exercise or skill, you must perform that exercise or skill. To be a good cyclist, you must cycle. The point to take away is that a runner should train by running and cyclist should train by cycling.
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Research & Additional Reading
Detailed below are a few scientific research papers, however by clicking on the google scholar link will elicit over 1000 research papers and articles.
Exercise training in normobaric hypoxia in endurance runners. II. Improvement of mitochondrial properties in skeletal muscle
E Ponsot, SP Dufour, J Zoll, S Doutrelau, B N' … - Journal of applied Physiol. 2006
This study investigates whether adaptations of mitochondrial function accompany the improvement
of endurance performance capacity observed in well-trained athletes after an intermittent hypoxic
training program.